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Liver disease due to illicit substance use
1Institute of Hepatology, University College London Medical School, London, UK.
Addiction Biology
|January 7, 2016
Summary
Illicit drug use can cause significant liver damage, including acute liver failure. This review examines the hepatotoxic effects of common drugs like ecstasy, cocaine, and heroin.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Adverse effects of illicit substances on neurological, cardiovascular, renal, haematologic, and musculoskeletal systems are well-documented.
- Limited attention has been given to the potential hepatotoxic effects of illicit drug use.
- Emerging evidence suggests a link between illicit substance use and substantial liver damage, sometimes leading to acute liver failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the known hepatotoxic effects of commonly used illicit substances.
- To discuss additional factors contributing to liver damage in illicit substance users.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of experimental and human studies on the liver effects of illicit substances.
- Analysis of data on hepatotoxicity associated with specific drugs.
Main Results:
- Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), other amphetamines, cocaine, heroin, phencyclidine (angel dust), lysergic acid diethylamide, and marijuana are discussed in relation to their liver effects.
- The review covers both direct drug-induced liver injury and indirect causes.
Conclusions:
- Illicit drug use poses a significant risk for liver damage, ranging from mild injury to acute liver failure.
- Further research and clinical attention are warranted to understand and manage drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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