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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

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[Non-coding RNAs in castration-resistant prostate cancer].

Guo-ping Xie, Rui Jiang

    Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal of Andrology
    |January 8, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer. This review explores how ncRNAs influence castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) development, progression, and potential as diagnostic biomarkers.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Oncology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression.
    • ncRNAs significantly impact cellular processes including metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
    • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is implicated in tumor occurrence and progression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of ncRNAs in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
    • To discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in the occurrence, progression, diagnosis, and prognosis of CRPC.
    • To highlight recent advancements in the study of ncRNAs in CRPC.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ncRNAs in CRPC.
    • Analysis of specific ncRNAs acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in CRPC.

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    miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

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    MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR qPCR

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

    Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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    Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

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    miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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    MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR qPCR

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  • Examination of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for CRPC diagnosis and prognosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Certain ncRNAs (e.g., miR-19a, MALAT-1) are upregulated in CRPC and promote its progression.
    • Other ncRNAs (e.g., miR-185, miR-15) are downregulated in CRPC and act as tumor suppressors.
    • Differentially expressed ncRNAs (e.g., miR-7, miR-221) show potential as biomarkers for CRPC early diagnosis and prognosis.

    Conclusions:

    • ncRNAs are key players in the pathogenesis of CRPC, acting as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
    • The dysregulation of specific ncRNAs contributes to CRPC development and progression.
    • ncRNAs hold significant promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CRPC.