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Complement System

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Enrichment of Bruch's Membrane from Human Donor Eyes

Enrichment of Bruch's Membrane from Human Donor Eyes

Published on: November 15, 2015

Age-related macular degeneration: Complement in action.

Menno van Lookeren Campagne¹, Erich C Strauss², Brian L Yaspan³

¹Department of Immunology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States.

|January 9, 2016

Summary

Genetic factors influencing the complement system, specifically complement factor H (CFH) and complement factor I (CFI), are linked to Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). This review explores AMD genetics, complement dysregulation, and new therapies.

Keywords:

Age-related macular degeneration Complement Genetics

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Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Enrichment of Bruch's Membrane from Human Donor Eyes

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Published on: November 15, 2015

Efficient Dissection and Culture of Primary Mouse Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

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Published on: February 10, 2021

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Genetics
Ophthalmology

Background:

The complement system is crucial for host defense but requires strict regulation to prevent tissue damage.
Polymorphisms in complement factor H (CFH) and complement factor I (CFI) genes are associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) risk.
AMD is a primary cause of vision loss in the elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the genetic underpinnings of AMD.
To examine the role of complement dysregulation in AMD pathogenesis.
To highlight emerging therapeutic strategies targeting complement activation in AMD.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on genetic associations with AMD.
Analysis of the role of complement regulatory proteins (CFH, CFI) in disease.
Synthesis of current research on complement-targeted AMD therapies.

Main Results:

Specific genetic variations in CFH and CFI significantly increase AMD susceptibility.
Dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway is implicated in AMD development.
Therapeutic strategies aim to modulate complement activation for AMD treatment.

Conclusions:

Genetic variations in complement regulators are key risk factors for AMD.
Controlling complement system overactivation presents a promising therapeutic avenue for AMD.
Further research into complement pathways could lead to novel treatments for vision impairment.