Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
Published on: December 15, 2017
Theoretical basis for and improvement of Daugirdas' second generation formula for single-pool Kt/V
Jan Sternby1, John T Daugirdas2
1Baxter International, Lund - Sweden.
Purpose:
An empirically-derived equation to estimate hemodialysis treatment variable-volume single-pool Kt/V, where Kt/V = -In(R-GFAC × t) + (4-3.5 × R) × UFV/W, was published in 1993 (1) and quickly became a standard tool for the estimation of dialysis dose. We aim to find a theoretical basis for this equation.
Methods:
A mathematical derivation is used to find the connection between Kt/V and modeled urea concentrations.
Results:
There is a theoretical basis for the empirical structure of the estimating equation, but the estimation of the effect of ultrafiltration on Kt/V can be improved. Finally, we show that the accuracy of the formula may be suboptimal for some extreme dialysis schedules and propose a new equation that is more robust across atypical dialysis prescriptions.
Conclusions:
The currently used Kt/V estimating equation has a sound theoretical basis and an improved version is proposed that can maintain accuracy with a broader range of fluid removal.
More Related Videos
09:16Author Spotlight: Optimization of Processing Technology for Tiebangchui with Zanba Based on CRITIC Combined with Box-Behnken Response Surface Method
Published on: May 12, 2023
09:12Optimization of Processing of Tiebangchui with Highland Barley Wine Based on the Box-Behnken Design Combined with the Entropy Method
Published on: May 19, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections
One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation
On...
Estimation of k and VD of Aminoglycosides
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations