A study on the type of lesions achieved by three electrosurgical methods and their way of healing

The technical progress in the medical sector in the past decades has continuously driven the development of electrosurgical techniques. The controversies surrounding the superiority of a certain technique relative to another - electrocautery, laser and radiofrequency - have determined us to carry out a histopathological design with the aim of comparing the healing sort of the shallow wounds generated by the three types of electrosurgical devices. The experimental study has investigated the healing process inflicted by the electrosurgical devices mentioned beforehand on 12 Wistar albino rats. The wounds were inflicted under intravenous general anesthesia with Xylazine and Ketamine and were performed lateral to the spine region, using laser, radiofrequency and electric cautery. The histological samples harvested at one, three, five, and seven days were sent to pathological examination. We followed by comparison the evolution of the first two phases of the wound healing produced by the three electrosurgical methods analyzed. We described the histopathological changes occurred in the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis and also the subcutaneous soft tissues in all of the three types of lesions. Electrocautery remains the most frequently used electrosurgical device, even if it has unquestionable disadvantages as compared to other modern instruments. Laser-assisted surgery and radiofrequency are refine energy-based instrumentation, being utilized at a multidisciplinary surgical level.