Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

How Contact Experience Shapes Peer's Attitudes: Investigating Typically Developing Children's Attitudes Toward Autistic Typically Developing Siblings in Inclusive Education.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders·2026

Same author

Brain regions associated with Chinese reading: a multiple-task functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Trends in neuroscience and education·2026

Same author

Imagined Speech Brain-Computer Interface: A Task-Oriented Review of Neural Decoding.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Hypergraph multi-modal learning for EEG-based emotion recognition in conversation.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026

Same author

Advances in photoacoustic imaging reconstruction and quantitative analysis for biomedical applications.

Visual computing for industry, biomedicine, and art·2026

Same author

Interpersonal Coordination Deficits in Joint Action in Pre-school Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From fNIRS Hyper-Scanning and Machine Learning.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders·2026

Same journal

MT-MRI for detection of renal interstitial fibrosis in renovascular disease.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Detection of underground objects from GPR data using a lightweight YOLO-based approach.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Early systemic inflammatory-metabolic trajectory phenotypes are associated with survival outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Water balance components in a dry-seeded rice-wheat system: Untangling the effects of tillage and mulching practices.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Topological approaches to quantum tensor train compression via ZX-calculus and SVD.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

determinants of flood impacts and adaptive capacity among market vendors in Walukuba-Masese, Jinja city, Uganda.

Scientific reports·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Altered functional connectivity in persistent developmental stuttering.

Yang Yang^1,2,3, Fanlu Jia^1,2,3, Wai Ting Siok^2,4

¹Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.

Scientific Reports

|January 9, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Resting-state brain imaging reveals altered functional connectivity in the cerebellum and basal ganglia in adults with persistent developmental stuttering (PDS). These neural differences correlate with stuttering severity, offering potential biomarkers for this speech disorder.

More Related Videos

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

Published on: May 7, 2014

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Speech-language pathology
Functional neuroimaging

Background:

Persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) is a complex speech disorder with unknown origins.
Previous studies suggest basal ganglia and cerebellar involvement but are limited by task-related confounds.
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a way to study brain networks without task performance variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate resting-state functional connectivity in cerebellar-cortical and basal ganglia-thalamocortical networks in adults who stutter.
To identify neural differences between individuals with PDS and fluent controls.
To explore the relationship between functional connectivity and stuttering severity.

Main Methods:

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
16 adults who stutter and 18 age-matched fluent speakers participated.
Seed-to-voxel analysis was used to examine functional connectivity within specific brain networks.

Main Results:

Adults who stutter exhibited altered cerebellar connectivity to the motor cortex and within cerebellar regions.
Cerebellar functional connectivity correlated significantly with stuttering severity.
Reduced connectivity was observed between the putamen and the superior temporal gyrus/inferior parietal lobules in adults who stutter.

Conclusions:

Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in the cerebellum and basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits is associated with persistent developmental stuttering.
These neural alterations may impact language planning and motor execution necessary for fluent speech.
Findings provide potential neurobiological insights and biomarkers for PDS.