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Dietary patterns in weight loss maintenance: results from the MedWeight study
Eleni Karfopoulou1, Dora Brikou1, Eirini Mamalaki1
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, El. Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece.
European Journal of Nutrition
|January 9, 2016
Summary
Successful weight loss maintenance is linked to specific dietary and lifestyle habits. Men who maintained weight loss were more likely to eat a healthy diet, prepare meals, and eat at home.
Area of Science:
- Obesity research
- Nutritional science
- Behavioral medicine
Background:
- Understanding the behaviors associated with long-term weight loss maintenance is crucial for effective obesity treatment.
- Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific lifestyle factors differentiating weight loss maintainers from those who regain weight.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and compare the dietary and lifestyle behaviors of individuals who have successfully maintained weight loss with those who have regained weight.
- To pinpoint actionable strategies for improving obesity management through targeted behavioral interventions.
Main Methods:
- The MedWeight study utilized questionnaires and two 24-hour dietary recalls to assess lifestyle habits and dietary intake in Greek participants.
- Participants were categorized as weight loss maintainers (≥10% weight loss for >1 year) or regainers.
- Statistical analyses, including principal component analysis, were employed to identify differentiating behaviors.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in overall energy or macronutrient intake were observed between maintainers and regainers.
- Maintainers, particularly men, showed higher protein intake per kilogram of body weight and greater physical activity energy expenditure.
- A healthy dietary pattern (unprocessed cereals, fruits, vegetables, olive oil, low-fat dairy) was strongly associated with weight loss maintenance in men. Eating at home, meal preparation, higher eating frequency, and slower eating rates were also linked to maintenance.
Conclusions:
- Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is a key factor for men in maintaining weight loss.
- Lifestyle behaviors such as eating at home, preparing meals, and mindful eating practices (higher frequency, slower rate) are associated with successful weight loss maintenance.
- These identified behaviors offer potential targets for interventions aimed at improving obesity treatment outcomes.
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