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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Insight into microbial mannosidases: a review.

Prakram Singh Chauhan1, Naveen Gupta2

  • 1a Department of Biological Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali , India and.

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
|January 9, 2016
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Summary

This review covers microbial mannosidases, essential enzymes for breaking down mannan. It details their sources, production, and diverse biotechnological applications, including bioethanol and pharmaceuticals.

Keywords:
Glycosidesglycoside hydrolasehemicellulosemannanmicrobial mannosidase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Mannan is a key component of softwood hemicelluloses.
  • Mannan-hydrolyzing enzymes, particularly β-mannosidases, are crucial for complete mannan depolymerization.
  • These exo-acting enzymes cleave specific linkages to release mannose residues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of microbial mannosidases.
  • To consolidate information on their sources, production, and characteristics.
  • To highlight their biotechnological applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microbial mannosidases.
  • Analysis of reported data on enzyme production, characterization, and cloning.
  • Compilation of information on biotechnological applications.

Main Results:

  • Microbial β-mannosidases are primarily produced by bacteria and fungi.
  • These enzymes are often secreted extracellularly and exhibit broad pH and temperature activity.
  • Various microbial sources and production conditions have been reported.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial mannosidases are vital for mannan degradation.
  • They possess significant potential in industrial applications like bioethanol production and pharmaceuticals.
  • Further research and comprehensive understanding are essential for optimizing their use.