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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in children with allergic or nonallergic rhinitis
1Zeynep Kamil Woman and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) have lower vitamin D levels than healthy children. Vitamin D status was not linked to allergen sensitivity or AR severity in this study.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Nutritional Science
- Immunology
Background:
- Vitamin D's role in immune function is established, with links to asthma and atopic dermatitis.
- Limited data exists on vitamin D status specifically in children diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) levels in children with AR and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR).
- To compare vitamin D levels between rhinitis groups and a healthy control group.
- To evaluate the correlation between vitamin D status and AR severity or allergen sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 141 children (76 with rhinitis, 65 controls) was recruited from a pediatric allergy immunology outpatient clinic.
- Serum 25OHD3 levels were measured, and skin prick tests were conducted for allergen sensitivity.
- Allergic rhinitis (AR) severity was classified using the ARIA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Mean serum 25OHD3 levels were significantly lower in children with AR (18.07±6.1 ng/mL) and NAR (14.81±4.86 ng/mL) compared to controls (24.03±9.43 ng/mL) (p=0.001).
- A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed in both rhinitis groups (AR: 96%, NAR: 100%) versus the control group (87.7%).
- No statistically significant association was found between 25OHD3 levels and allergen sensitivity, AR severity, or duration.
Conclusions:
- Children with AR and NAR exhibit lower mean serum 25OHD3 levels compared to healthy children.
- Vitamin D levels in this pediatric cohort showed no correlation with allergen sensitivities.
- The study found no relationship between serum 25OHD3 levels and the severity or duration of allergic rhinitis.
Objectives:
The relationship between vitamin D and allergic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis is shown in several studies. But there is a lack of knowledge about vitamin D status in children with allergic rhinitis (AR). We aimed to investigate serum vitamin D levels of children with AR or nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), to compare with normal subjects and to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and the severity of AR.
Methods:
The study included a total of 141 children (76 patients with rhinitis and 65 control subjects), who applied to the Pediatric allergy immunology outpatient. Skin prick tests were performed using the same antigens for all patients. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) levels were measured. AR was classified according to the ARIA guidelines.
Results:
Mean 25OHD3 levels were 18.07±6.1ng/mL in the AR group, 14.81±4.86 in the NAR, and 24.03±9.43ng/mL in the control group. These differences among groups were statistically significant (p=0.001). Vitamin D status was determined as deficient in 32 (66.7%) patients, insufficient in 14 (29.2%) and normal in 2 (4.2%) of the AR group. These frequencies for NAR and control groups are 25 (89.3%), 3 (10.7%), 0, and 25 (38.5%), 32 (49.2%), 8 (12.3%), respectively. Vitamin D status was found to be different among groups (p=0.001). There were not any association between 25OHD3 levels and allergen sensitivity (p>0.05). The comparison of the mean 25OHD3 levels according to the severity and duration of AR did not detect statistically significant difference among groups (respectively, p=0.384, p=0.23 Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A5).
Conclusions:
The mean serum 25OHD3 levels of the children both with AR and NAR were lower than control group. No association between 25OHD3 levels and allergen sensitivities was found in our study. We did not find any relationship between 25OHD3 levels and the severity and duration of allergic rhinitis.
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