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Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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Related Experiment Video

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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

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Published on: July 12, 2018

Testing flow diversion in animal models: a systematic review.

Robert Fahed¹, Jean Raymond^2,3, Célina Ducroux¹

¹Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Research Centre, Interventional Neuroradiology Laboratory, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

|January 10, 2016

Summary

Flow diversion (FD) effectively treats intracranial aneurysms in animal models, with high occlusion rates in elastase-induced and surgical sidewall models. Reporting quality in these preclinical studies needs improvement for better scientific rigor.

Keywords:

Animal model Experimental aneurysm Flow diverter Systematic review

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neurosurgery
Veterinary Medicine

Background:

Flow diversion (FD) is an emerging endovascular technique for treating intracranial aneurysms.
Systematic review of animal studies is crucial for understanding FD efficacy and reporting quality.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and assess the reporting quality of published animal studies on flow diversion (FD) for intracranial aneurysms.
To summarize the efficacy and complication rates of FD across various animal models.

Main Methods:

Searched databases for animal studies on FD from 2000-2015.
Extracted data on species, aneurysm models, FD type, occlusion rates, and complications.
Evaluated reporting quality using ARRIVE guidelines checklist.

Main Results:

Forty-two studies in nine models were included; rabbit elastase-induced models showed 73.5% occlusion.
Surgical sidewall aneurysms in rabbits/canines achieved 100% occlusion.
Complex canine models showed lower occlusion (15.4%); adverse events were rarely reported. Reporting quality was suboptimal, with low use of randomization and control groups.

Conclusions:

Preclinical FD studies show variable results, with high efficacy in elastase-induced and surgical sidewall models.
Complex canine models better mimic clinical challenges, though less standardized.
Significant improvements in reporting quality, including adherence to ARRIVE guidelines, are needed for preclinical FD research.