Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

4.4K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
4.4K
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

5.2K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
5.2K
Structure of Porins01:21

Structure of Porins

4.1K
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a  motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel...
4.1K
Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

1.5K
Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
1.5K
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

6.8K
In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as...
6.8K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

6.2K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Membrane environment sets the functional pK<sub>a</sub> of ionizable lipids.

Biophysical journal·2026
Same author

Decoding pH-Driven Phase Transition of Lipid Nanoparticles.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Bottom-up Investigation of Spatiotemporal Glycocalyx Dynamics with Interferometric Scattering Microscopy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

From Membrane Composition to Antimicrobial Strategies: Experimental and Computational Approaches to AMP Design and Selectivity.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Revisiting lipid nanoparticle composition and structure: A critical take on simulation approaches.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Characterization of domain formation in complex membranes.

Methods in enzymology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cell Membrane Biophysics - Exploring Interactions and Challenges Through Experimental and Computational Approaches
07:31

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cell Membrane Biophysics - Exploring Interactions and Challenges Through Experimental and Computational Approaches

Published on: September 1, 2023

3.4K

Membrane pore formation in atomistic and coarse-grained simulations.

Sonja A Kirsch1, Rainer A Böckmann1

  • 1Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|January 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This review explores simulation methods to study lipid pores in biological membranes. It covers pore formation mechanisms and properties, crucial for cell function and biotechnology.

Keywords:
Atomistic simulationCoarse-grained simulationElectroporationLipid poreMembrane poreMolecular dynamics simulation

More Related Videos

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
11:55

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Published on: August 16, 2016

12.3K
High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
09:56

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2019

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cell Membrane Biophysics - Exploring Interactions and Challenges Through Experimental and Computational Approaches
07:31

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cell Membrane Biophysics - Exploring Interactions and Challenges Through Experimental and Computational Approaches

Published on: September 1, 2023

3.4K
Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
11:55

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Published on: August 16, 2016

12.3K
High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
09:56

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2019

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology
  • Membrane Science

Background:

  • Biological membranes regulate cellular processes and metabolite exchange.
  • Membrane integrity can be transiently compromised for physiological and biotechnological applications.
  • Lipid pores are key structures for molecule transport across membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review simulation-based approaches for studying membrane pores.
  • To focus on lipid pore properties, formation mechanisms, and induced agents.
  • To highlight recent advancements in mimicking in vivo and in vitro pore formation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of simulation-based approaches for membrane pore analysis.
  • Focus on computational modeling of lipid pore formation and characteristics.
  • Analysis of poration mechanisms induced by external fields, charge imbalances, and surface tension.

Main Results:

  • Simulation methods closely mimic in vivo and in vitro pore formation.
  • Detailed examination of lipid pore properties like size and energetics.
  • Understanding of pore induction by external fields, small molecules, peptides, and lipids.

Conclusions:

  • Simulation-based studies are vital for understanding membrane pore dynamics.
  • Lipid pore properties and formation mechanisms are key to membrane function and applications.
  • Advancements in biosimulations offer new insights into membrane transport and integrity.