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No increased mortality in 109,000 first-degree relatives of celiac individuals

Louise Emilsson1, Alyshah Abdul Sultan2, Jonas F Ludvigsson3

  • 1Primary Care Research Unit, Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter, Värmland County, Sweden; Department of Health Management and Health Economy, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Norway.

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
|January 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

First-degree relatives (FDRs) of individuals with celiac disease (CD) face a slightly increased risk of death. However, this elevated mortality risk is minimal and not considered clinically significant for individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is linked to higher mortality rates in diagnosed individuals.
  • The mortality risk for first-degree relatives (FDRs) of celiac patients remains largely unexamined.
  • Understanding familial risk is crucial for comprehensive celiac disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the mortality risk in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of individuals diagnosed with celiac disease (CD).
  • To compare mortality rates between FDRs of CD patients and FDRs of a control group.
  • To determine if familial association with CD increases overall or cause-specific mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Swedish healthcare registries to identify FDRs of CD patients (Marsh grade III) and matched controls.
  • Employed Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause, circulatory, and cancer mortality.
  • Matched index CD cases with controls based on sex, age, county, and calendar year.

Main Results:

  • Overall mortality was found to be slightly increased in FDRs of CD individuals (HR=1.02, 95% CI=1.00-1.04).
  • This translates to an excess risk of 5.9 deaths per 100,000 person-years.
  • No increased mortality risk was observed when follow-up was limited to the period after the index individual's diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • First-degree relatives (FDRs) of celiac disease (CD) patients exhibit a statistically significant, yet minimal, increase in overall mortality.
  • The observed excess mortality risk is unlikely to have substantial clinical implications for individual FDRs.
  • Further research may explore specific causes or contributing factors to this slight increase in mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
CoeliacDeathRelativesShared genetics

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