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Sugar uptake by the solventogenic clostridia.

Wilfrid J Mitchell1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK. w.j.mitchell@hw.ac.uk.

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
|January 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation using solventogenic clostridia is being revived for biofuel production. Understanding sugar uptake mechanisms, like the PEP-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), is crucial for optimizing this industrial process.

Keywords:
ABE fermentationCatabolite repressionPhosphotransferase systemSugar uptake

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Industrial Microbiology
  • Metabolic Engineering

Background:

  • Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation was a key industrial process, declining due to economics.
  • Renewed interest stems from butanol's potential as a biofuel.
  • Advances in molecular tools enable bacterial strain engineering for improved fermentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of carbohydrate uptake and regulation in solventogenic clostridia.
  • To identify effective engineering strategies for optimizing fermentation performance.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding sugar transport for cost-effective biofuel production.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of existing literature on sugar uptake mechanisms in solventogenic clostridia.
  • Analysis of clostridial genome sequences to identify sugar transport systems.
  • Review of progress in characterizing sugar transporters and metabolic control.

Main Results:

  • The primary sugar uptake mechanism is the PEP-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), which also phosphorylates sugars and regulates metabolism.
  • Clostridial genomes reveal multiple PTS for hexoses, derivatives, and disaccharides.
  • Non-PTS mechanisms are responsible for pentose uptake.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed understanding of sugar uptake is essential for engineering solventogenic clostridia for biofuel production.
  • Targeting PTS and non-PTS transporters offers strategies for optimizing fermentation.
  • Further characterization and manipulation of sugar transport systems are key to economic viability.