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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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Published on: October 15, 2019

[Gut microbiota: Description, role and pathophysiologic implications].

C Landman¹, E Quévrain²

¹Inserm ERL 1157, CNRS UMR 7203 LBM and inflammation-immunopathology-biotherapy department (DHU i2B), CHU Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne universités - UPMC université Paris 06, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France; Service de gastroentérologie et nutrition, hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne

|January 11, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in human health and disease. Understanding its composition and function is key to developing new therapies for various conditions.

Keywords:

Dysbiose Dysbiosis Gut microbiota Immune system Inflammatory bowel diseases Maladies inflammatoires chroniques intestinales Microbiote Obesity Obésité Système immunitaire

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An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Human Health
Gastroenterology

Background:

The human gut harbors trillions of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota.
This complex ecosystem significantly influences gut physiology and overall human health, acting as a 'hidden organ'.
Individual gut microbial composition is established post-infancy, with four major phyla dominating.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the structure, roles, and pathological implications of the gut microbiota.
To highlight the impact of microbial imbalances (dysbiosis) on human health.
To explore emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota.

Main Methods:

Utilized culture-independent methods for microbial analysis.
Employed high-throughput sequencing to precisely map gut microbiota structure and diversity.
Reviewed existing literature on gut microbiota's role in health and disease.

Main Results:

Gut microbiota is essential for immune system maturation and metabolic pathways (e.g., fermentation, bile acid metabolism).
Dysbiosis is linked to digestive diseases (IBD, colorectal cancer), obesity, and autism.
Therapeutic interventions like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation are being explored.

Conclusions:

The gut microbiota is a critical determinant of human health, influencing numerous physiological processes.
Alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with a wide range of pathologies.
Further research into microbial products offers promising therapeutic avenues for restoring gut health.