Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Allosteric PTP1B inhibition as a source of multi-mechanistic anti-tumor activity.

Bioorganic chemistry·2026

Same author

Eptinezumab in treatment-resistant chronic migraine: Four-year real-world effectiveness and treatment persistence.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2026

Same author

Health Care Utilization in Refractory Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Cross-Institutional Electronic Health Care Records Database.

Neurology. Clinical practice·2026

Same author

Metabolic Dysfunction and Metabolic Management in Episodic Migraine.

Current pain and headache reports·2026

Same author

Successful Streamlined Photon-Counting CT Myelography Protocol for Detection of CSF-Venous Fistulas in Busy Practice Settings.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2025

Same author

Assessing Cognitive Function over Time in Patients with Refractory Chronic Migraine Who Received Ketamine Infusions: A Prospective, Observational Study.

CNS drugs·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

$Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain$

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Headache Disorders.

Shuhan Zhu¹, Michael J Marmura²

¹Jefferson Headache Center, 900 Walnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

|January 12, 2016

Summary

Non-invasive neuromodulation offers a safe alternative for chronic headache disorders when medications are ineffective. Technologies like supraorbital transcutaneous stimulation (STS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) show promise in clinical trials.

Keywords:

Cefaly™Chronic migraine Cluster headache SpringTMS™Supraorbital transcutaneous stimulator Transcranial magnetic stimulation

More Related Videos

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

$Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain$

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Medical Technology

Background:

Migraine and chronic headaches cause significant disability.
Medication effectiveness is limited by side effects, drug interactions, and comorbidities.
Alternative treatments are needed for primary headache disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To review non-invasive neuromodulation technologies for primary headache disorders.
To discuss the biological rationales behind these treatments.
To summarize existing clinical trial data.

Main Methods:

Review of recent technological advancements in neuromodulation.
Analysis of supraorbital transcutaneous stimulation (STS).
Analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
Analysis of non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS).

Main Results:

Non-invasive neuromodulation methods are safe and well-tolerated.
These techniques can be used alongside standard pharmacotherapy.
Clinical trials demonstrate the potential efficacy of these modalities.

Conclusions:

Non-invasive neuromodulation represents a viable alternative for managing primary headache disorders.
Technological progress has expanded treatment options beyond traditional pharmacotherapy.
Further research and application of these methods are warranted.