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DPSC colonization of functionalized 3D textiles.

Marine Ortiz1,2, Raúl Rosales-Ibáñez2, Amaury Pozos-Guillén1,2

  • 1Institutional Doctorate in Engineering and Science Materials, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|January 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that rougher fiber scaffolds made of polyglycolic acid (PGA) or polydioxanone (PDO) improve dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) adhesion and viability. Functionalizing these scaffolds with chitosan or RGD further enhances cell behavior in 3D tissue engineering.

Keywords:
biocompatibilitybiomimetic scaffolddental pulp stem cellsin vitro cell modeltextile

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Fiber scaffolds offer a 3D in vitro environment for cell adhesion and proliferation, mimicking natural tissues.
  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are crucial for regenerative dentistry and require suitable scaffolds for growth.
  • Polymeric textiles provide a versatile platform for creating advanced cell culture systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) reactivity within a novel 3D polymeric textile scaffold.
  • To assess the impact of fiber surface roughness and functionalization on cell behavior.
  • To determine the biocompatibility and cell-supporting capabilities of polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polydioxanone (PDO) scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Knitted scaffolds from polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polydioxanone (PDO) fibers with varying roughness.
  • Functionalization of scaffolds with chitosan or arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide.
  • Assessment of cell viability and behavior using LIVE/DEAD Kit and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) at 1, 10, and 21 days.

Main Results:

  • Scaffolds demonstrated excellent biocompatibility with cell survival rates ranging from 94% to 100%.
  • Increased fiber roughness significantly enhanced cell adhesion and viability.
  • Functionalization with chitosan or RGD peptide notably improved cell adhesion and survival.

Conclusions:

  • Surface roughness of PGA and PDO fiber scaffolds positively influences DPSC adhesion and viability.
  • Chitosan and RGD functionalization are effective strategies to promote cell attachment and survival on these scaffolds.
  • The developed 3D polymeric textile model shows promise for in vitro studies involving dental pulp stem cells.