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Challenges in developing drugs for primary headaches.

Henrik Winther Schytz1, Richard Hargreaves2, Messoud Ashina1

  • 1Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.

Progress in Neurobiology
|January 12, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug development for primary headaches faces challenges due to underlying heterogeneity. Personalized treatments targeting specific pathways, like calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) modulators, show promise for effective headache therapeutics.

Keywords:
Animal headache modelsDrug developmentDrug discoveriesHuman headache modelsTranslational research

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Primary headaches, including migraine, exhibit complex and heterogeneous pathophysiology.
  • Current drug development for primary headaches has yielded limited novel therapeutic classes.
  • Advances in headache genetics have not yet translated into predictive biomarkers for drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and challenges in developing drugs for primary headaches.
  • To explore the potential of sub-classification and personalized medicine in headache treatment.
  • To discuss past successes and failures in headache therapeutic discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and current drug development in primary headaches.
  • Analysis of genetic and pathophysiological factors influencing treatment response.
  • Examination of specific drug classes, including triptans and CGRP modulators.

Main Results:

  • Triptans and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) modulators represent significant advances in migraine treatment.
  • Many drug development approaches, such as glutamate receptor antagonism, have faced challenges with efficacy or side effects.
  • Sub-classification of headache subtypes may enable more targeted therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances, developing innovative headache therapeutics remains challenging.
  • Personalized treatment strategies based on specific pathophysiological mechanisms are crucial for future drug development.
  • Further research using human experimental models is needed to identify and validate novel therapeutic targets for primary headaches.