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Related Concept Videos

Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

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When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Photonic quantum information: science and technology.

Shigeki Takeuchi1

  • 1Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
|January 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Advancements in single photon technology are driving the new field of photonic quantum information. This includes developing quantum circuits and improving optical metrology beyond standard limits.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics and optics
  • Quantum information science
  • Photonics and optical technologies

Background:

  • Rapid progress in generating, manipulating, and detecting single photons.
  • Emergence of photonic quantum information as a distinct scientific field.
  • Foundations laid by previous research in quantum optics and information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in photonic quantum information technology.
  • To provide an overview of the current status of the field.
  • To highlight the author's contributions to photonic quantum information.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and theoretical advancements in single-photon technologies.
  • Analysis of the design and function of photonic quantum circuits.

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  • Exploration of novel photonic states for advanced optical metrology.

    • Main Results:

    • Realization of functional single-photon switches and quantum circuits.
    • Application of novel photonic states to surpass standard optical metrology limits.
    • Demonstration of progress in controlling and utilizing quantum properties of light.

    Conclusions:

    • Photonic quantum information technology is rapidly advancing.
    • Single-photon technologies are key to future quantum advancements.
    • The field holds significant potential for both fundamental science and practical applications.