Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

4.7K
The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
4.7K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

9.2K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
9.2K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

18.0K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
18.0K
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

10.4K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
10.4K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

4.4K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
4.4K
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

34
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
34

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Signaling pathways involved in the effects of HMGB1 on mesenchymal stem cell migration and osteoblastic differentiation.

International journal of molecular medicine·2016
Same author

Presence of retinal pericyte-reactive autoantibodies in diabetic retinopathy patients.

Scientific reports·2016
Same author

Computational Analysis of Structure-Based Interactions for Novel H₁-Antihistamines.

International journal of molecular sciences·2016
Same author

Mixed Spectrum Analysis on fMRI Time-Series.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2016
Same author

Ultra-Low Power Dynamic Knob in Adaptive Compressed Sensing Towards Biosignal Dynamics.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2016
Same author

Use of emergency department imaging in patients with minor trauma.

The Journal of surgical research·2016
Same journal

The scaffolding protein AKAP79/150 shapes innate immune responses to allergen.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Optineurin restrains IL-17-associated neuroinflammation in trigeminal ganglia to preserve sensory function after ocular HSV-1 infection.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure and immune single-cell atlas provide insights into the functional divergence of type I IFNs in fish.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Complement C3 deficiency increases the effector and cytotoxic functions of NK cells and suppresses tumor growth.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Increased Nur77 is disconnected from TCR affinity in insulin-specific Tregs.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

FTR85 negatively regulates type I IFN antiviral signaling pathway by promoting K48-linked polyubiquitination of IRF3.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Seven Steps to Stellate Cells
06:40

Seven Steps to Stellate Cells

Published on: May 10, 2011

35.0K

Hepatic Stellate Cells Directly Inhibit B Cells via Programmed Death-Ligand 1.

Yan Li1, Lina Lu2, Shiguang Qian2

  • 1Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|January 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) suppress B cell activation, proliferation, and antibody production. This immune regulation is mediated by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), contributing to liver immune homeostasis.

More Related Videos

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
07:25

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

7.5K
An Improved Time- and Labor- Efficient Protocol for Mouse Primary Hepatocyte Isolation
05:42

An Improved Time- and Labor- Efficient Protocol for Mouse Primary Hepatocyte Isolation

Published on: October 25, 2021

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Seven Steps to Stellate Cells
06:40

Seven Steps to Stellate Cells

Published on: May 10, 2011

35.0K
Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
07:25

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

7.5K
An Improved Time- and Labor- Efficient Protocol for Mouse Primary Hepatocyte Isolation
05:42

An Improved Time- and Labor- Efficient Protocol for Mouse Primary Hepatocyte Isolation

Published on: October 25, 2021

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are known to suppress T cells through programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).
  • The role of HSCs in regulating B cell function remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether mouse HSCs directly inhibit B cells.
  • To determine the involvement of PD-L1 in HSC-mediated B cell suppression.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro assays examining B cell activation markers, proliferation, and cytokine/Ig production upon co-culture with HSCs.
  • In vivo studies using intrasplenic artery injection of HSCs in a T cell-independent antigen immunization model.
  • Pharmacological and genetic blockade of the PD-L1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction.

Main Results:

  • Mouse HSCs directly inhibited B cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine/Ig production in vitro.
  • Blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction impaired HSC-mediated B cell inhibition.
  • In vivo, intrasplenic delivery of wild-type HSCs suppressed antigen-specific IgM and IgG production, while PD-L1-deficient HSCs did not.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse HSCs directly inhibit B cells, in addition to their known inhibitory effects on T cells.
  • The PD-L1 pathway is crucial for HSC-mediated suppression of B cell responses.
  • HSC-mediated B cell inhibition contributes to the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the liver.