Astroglial networks promote neuronal coordination

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cell Biology
• Astrocytes

Background:

• Astrocytes regulate neuronal network activity.
• Gap junction proteins connexin 30 and connexin 43 form astroglial networks.
• The role of astroglial networks in neuronal synchronization is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of connexin-mediated astroglial networks in neuronal synchronization.
• To determine the impact of astroglial networks on network activity and epilepsy.

Main Methods:

• Utilized connexin 30- and connexin 43-deficient mice.
• Examined hippocampal slices for neuronal activity and bursting.
• Assessed in vivo epileptiform events and convulsive behavior.

Main Results:

• Astroglial networks promoted sustained neuronal population bursts by setting basal neuronal activity.
• These networks limited neuronal depolarization and increased neuronal release probability.
• In vivo, astroglial network activity correlated with increased severity of epileptiform events and seizures.

Conclusions:

• Connexin-mediated astroglial networks synchronize neuronal assemblies, potentially worsening pathological network activity.
• Selective astroglial gap junction inhibitors may serve as novel anticonvulsive therapies.