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Evaluation of Iodine Deficiency in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Saliha Kanık Yüksek1, Zehra Aycan, Özgür Öner

  • 1Ankara Children's Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey,

Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
|January 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Iodine deficiency (ID) affects over 70% of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), impacting learning and attention. Further trials are needed to confirm these findings on cognitive function.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children.
  • Iodine deficiency (ID) is a global health concern with potential impacts on cognitive development.
  • The relationship between ID and ADHD symptoms requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of iodine deficiency (ID) in children diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • To explore the effects of ID on the mental functions of children with ADHD.
  • To assess correlations between urinary iodine levels and cognitive/behavioral assessments in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 89 children with a diagnosis of ADHD.
  • Data collection included parental questionnaires, Conners' Rating Scales (CPRS, CTRS), and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R).
  • Biochemical analyses included serum thyroid hormones and urinary iodine levels.

Main Results:

  • Iodine deficiency (ID) was prevalent, detected in 71.9% of children, all classified as mild ID.
  • No significant correlation was found between urinary iodine levels and WISC-R subtest scores or CPRS.
  • A significant association was observed between urinary iodine levels and hyperactivity scores on the CTRS, and between learning disorder diagnosis and WISC-R freedom subtest.

Conclusions:

  • This study suggests that iodine deficiency (ID) may influence comprehension, perception, attention, and learning in children with ADHD.
  • The findings indicate a potential link between ID and specific aspects of cognitive function and behavior in children with ADHD.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are recommended to validate these preliminary findings and establish causality.
Abstract

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