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Related Concept Videos

Biofilms01:29

Biofilms

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Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

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The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more...
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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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The Oral Microbiota01:27

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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Development of a Polymicrobial Colony Biofilm Model to Test Antimicrobials in Cystic Fibrosis
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Understanding Biofilms in Chronic Sinusitis.

Bobby A Tajudeen1, Joseph S Schwartz2, James N Palmer3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolarygology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 5th Floor Silverstein Bldg., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. bobby.tajudeen@uphs.upenn.edu.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|January 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Microbial biofilms contribute to persistent chronic sinusitis infections. New research highlights bitter taste receptors as a potential factor in biofilm formation, offering new treatment avenues.

Keywords:
BiofilmsBitter taste receptorsChronic sinusitisInnate immunitySinus surgeryT2R38

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic sinusitis presents significant patient and societal burdens.
  • Despite medical and surgical advances, some cases remain difficult to treat.
  • Microbial biofilms are increasingly recognized as a factor in recalcitrant chronic sinusitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of microbial biofilms in chronic sinusitis.
  • To emphasize the role of biofilms in pathogenesis and treatment.
  • To explore recent findings on bitter taste receptors in biofilm formation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on biofilms in chronic sinusitis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis related to biofilms.
  • Examination of emerging evidence on bitter taste receptors and biofilm development.

Main Results:

  • Microbial biofilms are implicated in the persistence of chronic sinusitis.
  • Understanding biofilm pathogenesis is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
  • Bitter taste receptors are identified as a potential key factor in biofilm formation.

Conclusions:

  • Biofilms represent a significant challenge in managing chronic sinusitis.
  • Targeting biofilm formation, potentially via bitter taste receptors, offers promising therapeutic avenues.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of bitter taste receptors in chronic sinusitis treatment.