Determinants and burden of chronic kidney disease in a high-risk population in Korea: results from a cross-sectional study
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Published on: April 4, 2025
Yong Un Kang1, Eun Hui Bae1, Seong Kwon Ma1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Insights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects nearly 40% of high-risk Korean adults with diabetes or hypertension. Early detection screening for CKD is crucial in this population.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant health burden globally.
- Identifying CKD prevalence and risk factors in specific populations is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- To identify associated risk factors for CKD in a high-risk Korean population.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 6,045 participants aged ≥ 65 years with diabetes or hypertension was analyzed.
- CKD was defined by albuminuria or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2).
Main Results:
- The overall prevalence of CKD was 39.6% (40.3% in women, 38.4% in men).
- Albuminuria was present in 22.6% and reduced eGFR in 24.6% of participants.
- Older age, diabetes, hypertension, higher BMI, blood pressure, and HbA1c were independently associated with CKD.
Conclusions:
- CKD is highly prevalent in this high-risk Korean population.
- The findings underscore the need for effective CKD screening strategies in Korea.
Background/Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated risk factors in a high-risk population in Korea.
Methods:
A total of 6,045 participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age, 73.0 ± 5.5) with diabetes or hypertension were enrolled. Participants were screened for CKD, which was defined as the presence of albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g) or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2).
Results:
The prevalence of CKD was 39.6% (women, 40.3%; men, 38.4%). Albuminuria was detected in 22.6% of participants, whereas eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) was found in 24.6% of participants. The prevalence of CKD by stage was 4.4% for stage 1, 10.4% for stage 2, 23.4% for stage 3, 0.9% for stage 4, and 0.3% for stage 5. Older age, concomitant diabetes and hypertension, higher body mass index, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and higher hemoglobin A1c levels were independently associated with the presence of CKD in multivariate-adjusted analyses that included with age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of CKD was very high in the present high-risk Korean population. Our results suggest that a screening method for early detection of CKD in high-risk populations is needed in Korea.
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