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Emergency department visits offer a chance to screen seniors for fall risk using the Timed Up & Go Test (TUGT). Nurses can effectively use TUGT to identify high-risk older adults and initiate timely interventions, potentially improving functional decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Geriatric Nursing

Background:

  • Seniors account for a significant portion of emergency department (ED) visits, presenting an opportunity for fall risk identification.
  • Falls are a major concern for the elderly population, leading to functional decline and increased healthcare utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate the Timed Up & Go Test (TUGT) into the ED setting for fall risk screening in older adults.
  • To identify seniors at high risk of falls during their ED encounters and facilitate timely interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Elderly patients (65+) presenting to an urban ED were screened using the TUGT by trained ED nurses.
  • Abnormal TUGT results prompted referrals to physical therapy (PT), social work, or home health, coordinated by a geriatric nurse liaison (GNL).

Main Results:

  • Gait assessment via TUGT was performed on 443 elderly patients.
  • 368 patients (83%) had positive TUGT results, indicating high fall risk.
  • Interventions included ED-based PT (17.1%), outpatient PT referrals (12.2%), and social work consultations (44%).

Conclusions:

  • ED visits provide a valuable opportunity for screening older adults for fall risk.
  • ED nurses can effectively administer the TUGT and facilitate appropriate referrals.
  • Early identification and intervention for high fall risk in the ED can mitigate functional decline in seniors.