[Aortoesophageal Fistula Long after Single Staged Hybrid Procedure for Extended Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm]

70-year-old male who had a history of Y-shaped graft replacement of abdominal aortic aneurysm was referred to our hospital for surgical intervention of extended thoracic aortic aneurysm. Although 1 debranching thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was initially scheduled, deployment of the main endograft was eventually cancelled due to severely tortuous bilateral rims of Y-shaped graft, and left carotid artery-left subclavian artery bypass followed by the coil embolization to the orifice of left subclavian artery to prepare for the next operation was performed. Single hybrid operation, including total aortic arch replacement along with elephant trunk insertion and TEVAR was performed at 3 months after the initial operation. On the 191th postoperative day, he was readmitted to our hospital due to marked elevation of C-reactive protein and unknown fever, and enhanced computed tomography showed the pneumomediastinum. Also, fistula formation was identified at the middle portion of the esophagus on the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and the contrast agent leakage to the outside of the esophagus was demonstrated on the esophagography. He was transferred to another hospital at 7th day after readmission under the definitive diagnosis of mediastinitis due to aortoesophageal fistula for surgical of esophagectomy and mediastinum drainage. Currently, he is discharged from the hospital, and returning for follow-up visit for taking a course of antibiotics.