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Related Concept Videos

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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
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Trifluoperazine: A Sprightly Old Drug.

Robert H Howland

    Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
    |January 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Trifluoperazine is an antipsychotic drug that inhibits calmodulin and P-glycoprotein. This drug has potential clinical uses beyond treating schizophrenia and anxiety due to its molecular actions.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Cell Biology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Trifluoperazine, an antipsychotic and anxiolytic agent, has been extensively studied since the 1950s.
    • It functions as a calmodulin inhibitor, a key regulator in cellular proliferation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration.
    • Trifluoperazine also inhibits P-glycoprotein, a transporter protein crucial for cell membrane and blood-brain barrier function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the established and potential clinical applications of trifluoperazine.
    • To highlight the significance of its calmodulin and P-glycoprotein inhibitory activities.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of trifluoperazine's pharmacological properties.
    • Analysis of its mechanisms of action, including calmodulin and P-glycoprotein inhibition.

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  • Examination of current and potential therapeutic uses.

    • Main Results:

    • Trifluoperazine is approved for schizophrenia and anxiety treatment.
    • Its calmodulin inhibition impacts cellular processes relevant to various pathologies.
    • P-glycoprotein inhibition affects drug transport across biological barriers.

    Conclusions:

    • Trifluoperazine's dual inhibition of calmodulin and P-glycoprotein underpins its current uses.
    • These mechanisms suggest broader therapeutic potential in neurological and inflammatory conditions.
    • Further research into trifluoperazine could uncover novel clinical applications.