Nutritional consequences of long-term acid suppression; are they clinically important?

As acid suppression therapies with proton pump inhibitors are an extremely common practice for common acid-related diseases, there has been increased scrutiny on the safety of this class of therapy.

There have been increasing reports of allegation of harm with the sustained use of proton pump inhibitors, in particular with potential adverse effects on vitamin and mineral absorption. This has prompted a number of product label changes directed by the US Food and Drug Administration, raising concerns for ongoing continued use among clinicians and patients.

This review highlights the most recent information around these controversies and provides evidence summaries to help guide care providers in their care plans as well as discussions with patients.