Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

706
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
706
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

4.8K
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
4.8K
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

1.4K
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
1.4K
Breathing01:05

Breathing

66.4K
The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
66.4K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

1.5K
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
1.5K
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

630
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
630

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mutagenic and genotoxic <i>in silico</i> QSAR prediction of dimer impurity of gliflozins; canagliflozin, dapaglifozin, and emphagliflozin and <i>in vitro</i> evaluation by Ames and micronucleus test.

Drug and chemical toxicology·2024
Same author

Quantification of ternary mixture of paracetamol, chlorzoxazone and ibuprofen present in tablet dosage form using ratio subtraction spectrophotometric approaches.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2024
Same author

Prediction of Ocular Toxicity of Potential Degradation Products of Proparacaine Hydrochloride Subjected under ICH Recommended Stress Conditions.

Journal of chromatographic science·2022
Same author

LC and LC-MS/MS studies for the identification and characterization of degradation products of acebutolol.

Journal of pharmaceutical analysis·2019
Same author

LC, MS <sup></sup> and LC-MS/MS studies for the characterization of degradation products of amlodipine.

Journal of pharmaceutical analysis·2018
Same author

When is it right to code 99215?

Family practice management·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

88.4K

Newborn Respiratory Distress.

Christian L Hermansen1, Anand Mahajan1

  • 1Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, PA, USA.

American Family Physician
|January 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Newborn respiratory distress, a common challenge, requires prompt diagnosis and management. Early identification of causes like transient tachypnea or respiratory distress syndrome guides effective respiratory support and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Newborn respiratory distress is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Common signs include tachypnea (>60 breaths/min), grunting, retractions, nasal flaring, and cyanosis.

Observation:

  • Differential diagnoses encompass transient tachypnea of the newborn, respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, pneumonia, sepsis, pneumothorax, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and delayed transition.
  • Less common causes include congenital heart defects, airway malformations, and inborn errors of metabolism.

Findings:

  • Initial evaluation involves history, physical exam, vital sign monitoring, and pulse oximetry.
  • Diagnostic tools include chest radiography, blood gas analysis, blood cultures, CBC, and C-reactive protein for sepsis evaluation.
  • Most neonates benefit from respiratory support, including oxygen, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP), and mechanical ventilation for severe cases.

More Related Videos

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

52.7K
How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children
07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

88.4K
Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

52.7K
How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children
07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

12.9K

Implications:

  • Surfactant therapy and the INSURE (Intubation-Surfactant-Extubation) technique are crucial for respiratory distress syndrome.
  • Screening for critical congenital heart defects using pulse oximetry is recommended before discharge.
  • Neonatology consultation is advised for complex cases or diagnostic uncertainty.