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Peritonitis due to Rhizobium radiobacter.

Raquel Marta1, Catarina Dâmaso2, José Esteves da Silva3

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Rhizobium radiobacter, a soil bacterium, caused peritonitis in a child on peritoneal dialysis. Prompt antibiotic treatment with ceftazidime and piperacillin+tazobactam successfully resolved the infection without complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Rhizobium radiobacter (Agrobacterium radiobacter) is an aerobic Gram-negative bacterium.
  • This soil-dwelling bacterium can cause opportunistic infections in humans.
  • Chronic renal disease patients on peritoneal dialysis are susceptible to infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a clinical case of bacterial peritonitis caused by Rhizobium radiobacter.
  • To highlight the risk of infection in children with chronic renal disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
  • To document successful treatment outcomes for this rare infection.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 5-year-old child with chronic renal disease on peritoneal dialysis.
  • Identification of Rhizobium radiobacter as the causative agent of peritonitis.
  • Treatment with ceftazidime and piperacillin+tazobactam.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with bacterial peritonitis following direct soil contact.
  • The infection was effectively treated with a combination of ceftazidime and piperacillin+tazobactam.
  • No relapse of infection or need for peritoneal dialysis catheter removal occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Rhizobium radiobacter can cause peritonitis in immunocompromised patients, such as those on peritoneal dialysis.
  • Aggressive antibiotic therapy can lead to successful outcomes.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering environmental bacteria in opportunistic infections.