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Ovarian Cycle

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...

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Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunohistochemistry for Understanding Immune Regulation by Uterine NK Cells in Pregnancy

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Published on: October 25, 2024

Endometrial LGR7 expression and implantation failure.

Maria Rosaria Campitiello¹, Francesca Caprio¹, Daniela Mele¹

¹a Department of Obstetrics , Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, Outpatient Fertility Clinic, Second University of Naples , Largo Madonna Delle Grazie 1 , Naples 8 , Italy.

Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology

|January 14, 2016

Summary

Reduced expression of the relaxin receptor (LGR7) in the endometrium is linked to implantation failure in women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss or unexplained infertility, impacting fertility treatments.

Keywords:

Endometrial biopsy implantation failure relaxin receptor window of implantation

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Published on: June 21, 2024

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Endocrinology
Infertility Research

Background:

Implantation failure is a primary cause of infertility in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and unexplained infertility.
Preliminary primate data suggest relaxin (RLX) hormone is crucial for endometrial preparation during implantation.
The relaxin receptor, LGR7, plays a potential role in mediating RLX's effects on the endometrium.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the expression of the endometrial relaxin receptor (LGR7) in women with implantation failures.
To compare LGR7 expression in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and unexplained infertility (UI) with fertile controls.

Main Methods:

A prospective observational study involving 69 women (23 RPL, 23 UI, 23 fertile controls) with regular ovulatory cycles and normal uterine cavities.
Endometrial samples were collected via hysteroscopic biopsy during the secretory phase.
LGR7 expression was quantified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

Endometrial LGR7 expression was significantly lower in women with RPL (Group A) and unexplained infertility (Group B) compared to fertile controls (Group C).
This reduction was consistent across both PCR analysis (p=0.024) and immunohistochemistry findings.
Lower LGR7 expression was directly associated with implantation failure.

Conclusions:

Decreased endometrial expression of the relaxin receptor (LGR7) is associated with implantation failures in women with RPL and UI.
These findings highlight a potential role for relaxin signaling in endometrial receptivity and the window of implantation.
Targeting relaxin pathways may offer new therapeutic strategies for improving fertility outcomes.