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Incidence of pressure ulcers in cardiopulmonary intensive care unit patients

Ticiane Carolina Gonçalves Faustino Campanili1, Vera Lúcia Conceição de Gouveia Santos2, Kelly Cristina Strazzieri-Pulido3

  • 1Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da U S P
|January 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pressure ulcers (PU) affect 11% of critical cardiopulmonary patients. Key risk factors include extended ICU stays, older age, and white race, aiding targeted preventive care.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers (PU) are a significant concern in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • Cardiopulmonary diseases place patients at higher risk for developing PU.
  • Understanding PU incidence and risk factors is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence coefficients of pressure ulcers (PU) in critical cardiopulmonary patients.
  • To identify and analyze the primary risk factors associated with PU development in this population.
  • To provide data for the planning of targeted preventive care measures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study design.
  • Conducted in a cardiopulmonary intensive care unit (ICU) from November 2013 to February 2014.
  • Inclusion of 370 adult patients without pre-existing PU, admitted for less than 24 hours.
  • Data analysis using univariate and multivariate methods, including Classification And Regression Tree (CART).

Main Results:

  • Overall PU incidence was 11.0% (8.0% male, 3.0% female; p=0.018).
  • Higher incidence observed in white patients (10.0%) and those aged 60 years or older (6.5%).
  • Significant risk factors identified: ICU length of stay ≥ 9.5 days, age ≥ 42.5 years, and white race.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the epidemiology of PU in critical cardiopulmonary patients.
  • Identified risk factors provide a basis for developing specific preventive interventions.
  • Findings support the need for tailored care plans to reduce PU incidence in this vulnerable group.

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