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Related Concept Videos

Transcription01:17

Transcription

35.4K
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
35.4K
Transcription01:10

Transcription

158.8K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
158.8K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

11.4K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
11.4K
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

14.4K
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
14.4K
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

38.7K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
38.7K
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

11.3K
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
11.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
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Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation

Published on: March 7, 2018

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[Progress in transcriptional studies].

Junyang Wang, Weishan Wang, Xiao Li

    Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
    |January 15, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review highlights advanced methods for studying gene transcription, focusing on prokaryotes. New techniques like surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) are presented for analyzing molecular interactions.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

    Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
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    In Vitro Transcription Assays and Their Application in Drug Discovery
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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Gene expression is crucial for cellular responses and development, with transcriptional control being paramount, especially in prokaryotes.
    • Understanding gene regulation requires robust methodologies to study the intricate processes involved.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent advancements in methods for transcriptional studies.
    • To showcase the application of novel techniques for characterizing molecular interactions in gene regulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Improvements and modifications to classic assays like gel-shift, DNA footprinting, and in vivo reporter systems.
    • Introduction of biophysical techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of SPR and ITC for characterizing protein-DNA, ligand-protein, and ligand-protein-DNA interactions.
    • Compilation of updated and novel methods applicable to transcriptional regulation studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented methods offer powerful tools for investigating gene transcription.
    • These advancements can guide and accelerate research in molecular biology and genetics.