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Vaginitis/vaginosis.

C A Spiegel1

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|September 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vaginitis and vaginosis are common, often caused by yeast, Trichomonas vaginalis, or bacterial vaginosis. Accurate diagnosis requires laboratory testing beyond symptoms or physical exams for effective treatment.

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Bacterial vaginosis.

Clinical microbiology reviews·1991

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Vaginitis/vaginosis is a prevalent condition with diverse etiologies, including yeast, Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis.
  • Clinical presentation alone is insufficient for accurate diagnosis, necessitating laboratory evaluation.
  • The prevalence of specific causative agents varies across different patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic methods for common causes of vaginitis/vaginosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of laboratory testing in differentiating between yeast vaginitis, Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis.
  • To highlight that multiple microbial sources can cause vaginal symptoms concurrently.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic detection of yeast (budding yeast or pseudohyphae) for yeast vaginitis.

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  • Culture and microscopic methods (wet-mount, fluorescent monoclonal antibodies) for Trichomonas vaginalis detection.
  • Clinical criteria (discharge, pH, odor, clue cells) and Gram stain analysis for bacterial vaginosis diagnosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Yeast vaginitis diagnosis relies on identifying yeast forms microscopically.
    • Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis is most sensitive via culture, though microscopy is common; fluorescent antibodies enhance sensitivity.
    • Bacterial vaginosis diagnosis involves specific clinical signs or Gram stain evidence of altered vaginal flora.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of vaginitis/vaginosis requires laboratory methods due to limitations of clinical assessment.
    • A comprehensive vaginal examination should include tests for yeast, Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis.
    • Concurrent infections are possible, underscoring the need for broad diagnostic testing.