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Dogs recognize dog and human emotions.

Natalia Albuquerque1, Kun Guo2, Anna Wilkinson3

  • 1School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil.

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Dogs can understand emotions from both humans and other dogs by combining visual and auditory cues. This study shows dogs integrate bimodal sensory information to distinguish positive and negative emotional expressions.

Keywords:
Canis familiariscross-modal sensory integrationemotion recognitionsocial cognition

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Cognitive Science
  • Comparative Psychology

Background:

  • Emotional perception is crucial for social interactions within species.
  • Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) interact with both humans and conspecifics, suggesting a need to recognize emotions across species.
  • Integrating visual and auditory emotional cues enhances information processing and indicates advanced cognitive abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if dogs can integrate visual and auditory emotional cues from both humans and other dogs.
  • To determine if dogs can discriminate between positive and negative emotional expressions presented multimodally.
  • To explore the cross-modal emotional perception capabilities in domestic dogs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cross-modal preferential looking paradigm.
  • Presented dogs with visual stimuli (human/dog faces with varying emotional valences) paired with auditory stimuli (congruent/incongruent vocalizations or Brownian noise).
  • Measured looking time to assess emotional congruence detection.

Main Results:

  • Dogs demonstrated significantly longer looking times when facial expressions were congruent with the valence of vocalizations.
  • This cross-modal emotional recognition was observed for both human and dog stimuli.
  • Results indicate dogs can integrate bimodal sensory emotional information.

Conclusions:

  • Domestic dogs possess the ability to extract and integrate emotional information from both visual and auditory modalities.
  • Dogs can discriminate between positive and negative emotions presented multimodally, from both humans and conspecifics.
  • This capability highlights sophisticated cognitive processing in dogs, previously thought unique to humans.