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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
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Controlling harmful algae blooms using aluminum-modified clay.

Yang Liu1, Xihua Cao2, Zhiming Yu2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.

Marine Pollution Bulletin
|January 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aluminum chloride modified clay (AC-MC) and aluminum sulfate modified clay (AS-MC) show superior removal of Aureococcus anophagefferens compared to polyaluminum chloride modified clay (PAC-MC). Mechanisms involve sweep flocculation and polyaluminum compounds, influenced by pH.

Keywords:
Aluminum-modified clayDispersion mediumHABs controlRemoval mechanismSurface chargeSuspension pH

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Treatment
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Harmful algal blooms, such as those caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens, pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems.
  • Modified clays offer potential solutions for algal bloom remediation.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of modified clay performance is crucial for effective water treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of aluminum chloride modified clay (AC-MC), aluminum sulfate modified clay (AS-MC), and polyaluminum chloride modified clay (PAC-MC) in removing Aureococcus anophagefferens.
  • To analyze the removal mechanisms of these modified clays.
  • To investigate the influence of dispersion medium, suspension pH, and clay surface charges on removal efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative performance analysis of AC-MC, AS-MC, and PAC-MC for Aureococcus anophagefferens removal.
  • Investigation of removal mechanisms through analysis of aluminum hydrolysates and flocculation behavior.
  • Assessment of the impact of suspension pH and dispersion medium on the modified clays' performance.

Main Results:

  • AC-MC and AS-MC demonstrated higher removal efficiencies for Aureococcus anophagefferens compared to PAC-MC.
  • The primary removal mechanism for AC-MC and AS-MC involved sweep flocculation, driven by monomeric aluminum hydrolysates forming Al(OH)3(am).
  • PAC-MC removal was mainly attributed to stable polyaluminum compounds, with suspension pH significantly affecting aluminum speciation and flocculation.

Conclusions:

  • Aluminum chloride and aluminum sulfate modified clays are more effective than polyaluminum chloride modified clay for Aureococcus anophagefferens removal.
  • Sweep flocculation is the dominant mechanism for AC-MC and AS-MC, while PAC-MC relies on polyaluminum compounds.
  • Suspension pH is a critical factor influencing the speciation of aluminum hydrolysates and the overall flocculation process in algal removal.