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Malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in 8-year-old children with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional
Els-Marie Andersson1,2, Stefan Axelsson1, Kristoffer P Katsaris2
1TAKO-centre, National Resource Centre for Oral Health in Rare Medical Conditions, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Objectives:
To describe the arch morphology and the prevalence and severity of malocclusions in 8-year-old children with DS, and to evaluate their need for treatment using the Norwegian Need for Orthodontic Treatment Index (NOTI), and comparing the findings with a control group.
Materials And Methods:
This population-based cross-sectional study was part of a national prospective study evaluating upper airway function, hearing, dental, and craniofacial characteristics in a cohort of children with DS in Norway. The cohort consisted of 32 children with DS and represented 57% of all children born with DS in Norway in 2002. Dental arch morphology and malocclusion were assessed on dental casts. Data were collected prospectively at the TAKO-centre, National Resource Center for Oral Health in Rare Medical Conditions.
Results:
All the children with DS (100%) had objectively assessed needs for orthodontic treatment, compared with 30% of the normative comparison group. Among the children with DS, 68% were objectively categorized as being in "great need" (Category B) for treatment and the 75% were categorized as having "obvious need" (Category C). In comparison, only 20% of children without DS were in Category B, and 44% were in Category C.
Conclusion:
This study indicates significantly higher prevalence and severity of malocclusions in 8-year-old children with DS compared with control group.
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