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Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics

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Published on: January 13, 2023

Field-driven dynamics of nematic microcapillaries.

Pouya Khayyatzadeh¹, Fred Fu¹, Nasser Mohieddin Abukhdeir¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|January 15, 2016

Summary

Polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) composites exhibit complex behavior due to nanoscale defects. Continuum simulations reveal how geometry and electric fields influence these electro-optical properties for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Optoelectronics

Background:

Polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) composites offer unique electro-optical properties for applications like switchable windows.
PDLCs are manufactured via bottom-up techniques, enabling large-scale film production.
Spheroidal liquid crystal (LC) domains in PDLCs, unlike rectangular LCD domains, introduce nanoscale orientational defects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the complex formation and electric field-driven switching dynamics of PDLC domains.
To understand the influence of geometric factors, surface anchoring, and electric field strength on PDLC behavior.
To utilize continuum simulations for modeling PDLC domain behavior.

Main Methods:

Continuum simulations were employed to model PDLC domain dynamics.
A simplified elliptic cylinder geometry approximated spheroidal PDLC domains.
The Landau-de Gennes model was used to study nematic liquid crystal phase behavior.

Main Results:

Simulations captured the complex formation and switching dynamics of approximated PDLC domains.
The effects of aspect ratio, surface anchoring, and external field strength were analyzed.
Insights into the behavior of nanoscale orientational defects within LC domains were gained.

Conclusions:

Continuum simulations provide a valuable tool for understanding PDLC electro-optical properties.
Geometric and surface effects significantly impact the switching dynamics of PDLC domains.
This research contributes to the optimization of PDLC materials for advanced applications.