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Intensified tuberculosis case finding amongst vulnerable communities in southern India
K K Reddy1, R Ananthakrishnan2, A G Jacob3
1Catholic Health Association of India, Secunderabad, India.
Public Health Action
|January 15, 2016
Summary
Intensified case finding (ICF) for tuberculosis (TB) in vulnerable Indian communities increased detection rates by 8.8%. This public health intervention brought TB services closer, improving case finding in targeted areas.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Tuberculosis Control
Background:
- Passive case finding via the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) is standard in India.
- Vulnerable communities often face barriers to accessing tuberculosis (TB) services.
- Targeted interventions are needed to improve TB case detection in underserved populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of an intensified case finding (ICF) intervention on tuberculosis detection rates.
- To assess the effectiveness of bringing TB services closer to vulnerable communities.
- To compare TB case detection in intervention versus non-intervention areas.
Main Methods:
- An intensified case finding (ICF) intervention was implemented in two districts of Karnataka, India.
- The study period was July-December 2013, with data compared to July-December 2012.
- Case detection rates were analyzed in communities with and without the ICF intervention.
Main Results:
- A total of 658 sputum smear-positive TB cases were detected during the intervention.
- Intervention communities showed an 8.8% increase in smear-positive TB case detection compared to the pre-intervention period.
- Communities without the ICF intervention experienced an 8.6% decrease in case detection.
Conclusions:
- Intensified case finding (ICF) moderately increased tuberculosis case detection rates in vulnerable communities.
- Bringing TB services closer to the population is an effective strategy for improving case finding.
- ICF interventions show promise for enhancing tuberculosis control programs in resource-limited settings.
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