Compliance with infection control practices in sputum microscopy centres: a study from Kerala, India

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Disease Control
• Laboratory Science

Background:

• The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in India aims to increase tuberculosis case detection via designated microscopy centers (DMCs).
• Standard precautions for infection control in DMCs are vital for preventing disease transmission to laboratory personnel and the public.
• External evaluation of infection control practices in Indian DMCs has been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess knowledge, facilities, and compliance with infection control practices (ICP) in DMCs.
• To identify areas for improvement in infection control within tuberculosis diagnostic settings.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015, evaluating all 38 DMCs in Kannur district, Kerala, India.
• Data were collected using structured observations and interviews with laboratory technicians.
• The study assessed knowledge, available facilities, and adherence to infection control protocols.

Main Results:

• Only 29% of laboratory technicians demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of infection control.
• Satisfactory infection control facilities were present in 61% of DMCs, with adherence observed in 45%.
• Government DMCs showed better knowledge, while private DMCs excelled in facilities and biomedical waste management.

Conclusions:

• Significant shortcomings exist in infection control practices within designated microscopy centers.
• Urgent interventions are needed to improve infection control, particularly given the high-risk environment for laboratory technicians.
• Enhancing infection control is essential for safeguarding healthcare workers and preventing community-wide disease spread.