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In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
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Facilities for small-molecule crystallography at synchrotron sources.

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Limited beamlines exist for small-molecule crystallography, despite growing demand. This article reviews available facilities, focusing on Diamond Light Source

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Macromolecular crystallography is widely supported at synchrotron facilities globally.
  • Dedicated small-molecule crystallography beamlines are scarce, contrasting with high demand.
  • There is an increasing overlap between small macromolecules and large small molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of beamlines supporting small-molecule single-crystal diffraction.
  • To detail beamline I19 at Diamond Light Source, a dedicated small-molecule crystallography facility.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of existing small-molecule crystallography beamlines.
  • Detailed description of beamline I19 at Diamond Light Source.

Main Results:

  • Identified a limited number of beamlines for small-molecule crystallography.
  • Provided specific information on beamline I19's capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for more dedicated small-molecule crystallography beamlines.
  • Beamline I19 serves as a key resource for the chemical crystallography community.