Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

9.0K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
9.0K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

8.1K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
8.1K
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

13.0K
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
13.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differential genioglossus muscle responses to changes in breathing route in awake people with and without obstructive sleep apnea.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2026
Same author

Efficacy of propolis and triple antibiotic paste as intra-canal medicaments for revascularisation of immature teeth in dogs: a comparative study.

European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry·2023
Same author

Endothelial surface translocation of mitochondrial PDCE2 involves the non-canonical secretory autophagy pathway: Putative molecular target for radiation-guided drug delivery.

Experimental cell research·2021
Same author

Nocturnal swallowing augments arousal intensity and arousal tachycardia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2020
Same author

Stable thrombus formation on irradiated microvascular endothelial cells under pulsatile flow: Pre-testing annexin V-thrombin conjugate for treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations.

Thrombosis research·2018
Same author

Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS·2017
Same journal

Chronic stress primes TLR3-mediated systemic inflammation to produce persistent post-viral fatigue syndrome-like symptoms in mice.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Contribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors to bottom-up amplification of frontal and parietal cortical responses to rare deviant tones in rats.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Developmental switch of GABAergic signaling in starburst amacrine cells driven by chloride transporter dynamics.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Epileptiform discharges are associated with increased theta activity over time in patients with Lewy body dementia.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Response times from gap detection threshold testing relate to cognitive processing speed in young adults.

Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The timing of visual selective attention in fronto-parietal network: TMS behavioral and brain structural evidence.

Neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Recording of Inward Rectifying K+ Currents in Freshly Isolated Basilar Artery Smooth Muscle Cells by Patch Clamp Technique
07:19

Recording of Inward Rectifying K+ Currents in Freshly Isolated Basilar Artery Smooth Muscle Cells by Patch Clamp Technique

Published on: February 7, 2025

808

Inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 expression in post-traumatic syringomyelia.

E Najafi1, M A Stoodley1, L E Bilston2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Neuroscience
|January 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) involves spinal cord cavities. This study found reduced Kir4.1 expression around cavities, suggesting impaired potassium removal contributes to fluid buildup in PTS.

Keywords:
Kir4.1astrocytepost-traumatic syringomyeliasyrinx

More Related Videos

Correlating Gene-specific DNA Methylation Changes with Expression and Transcriptional Activity of Astrocytic KCNJ10 Kir4.1
11:19

Correlating Gene-specific DNA Methylation Changes with Expression and Transcriptional Activity of Astrocytic KCNJ10 Kir4.1

Published on: September 26, 2015

8.5K
Profiling Voltage-gated Potassium Channel mRNA Expression in Nigral Neurons using Single-cell RT-PCR Techniques
07:31

Profiling Voltage-gated Potassium Channel mRNA Expression in Nigral Neurons using Single-cell RT-PCR Techniques

Published on: September 27, 2011

15.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Recording of Inward Rectifying K+ Currents in Freshly Isolated Basilar Artery Smooth Muscle Cells by Patch Clamp Technique
07:19

Recording of Inward Rectifying K+ Currents in Freshly Isolated Basilar Artery Smooth Muscle Cells by Patch Clamp Technique

Published on: February 7, 2025

808
Correlating Gene-specific DNA Methylation Changes with Expression and Transcriptional Activity of Astrocytic KCNJ10 Kir4.1
11:19

Correlating Gene-specific DNA Methylation Changes with Expression and Transcriptional Activity of Astrocytic KCNJ10 Kir4.1

Published on: September 26, 2015

8.5K
Profiling Voltage-gated Potassium Channel mRNA Expression in Nigral Neurons using Single-cell RT-PCR Techniques
07:31

Profiling Voltage-gated Potassium Channel mRNA Expression in Nigral Neurons using Single-cell RT-PCR Techniques

Published on: September 27, 2011

15.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Ion Channel Biology

Background:

  • Post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) is a neurological disorder resulting in spinal cord cavities.
  • The exact mechanisms driving PTS pathogenesis, particularly fluid imbalance, remain unclear.
  • The Kir4.1 ion channel is crucial for potassium homeostasis and fluid regulation in the central nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in Kir4.1 protein expression in the context of post-traumatic syringomyelia.
  • To explore the relationship between Kir4.1 expression changes and astrocyte reactivity (GFAP) in PTS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rodent model of PTS.
  • Employed Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to assess Kir4.1 and GFAP protein levels at various time points post-surgery (3 days, 1, 6, 12 weeks).

Main Results:

  • Western blotting showed increased Kir4.1 expression at 1 week post-surgery near the cavity.
  • Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in Kir4.1 expression in the spinal parenchyma surrounding the syrinx at 3 days and 6 weeks.
  • Increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, indicative of astrocyte activation, was observed at 1 and 12 weeks post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • A disturbance in potassium ion removal occurs in the tissue adjacent to post-traumatic syrinx cavities.
  • Altered Kir4.1 expression and astrocyte reactivity in PTS may contribute to water accumulation and syrinx formation/exacerbation.
  • These findings highlight the role of ion and fluid dysregulation in the pathophysiology of PTS.