TGF-β1 C-509T and T869C polymorphisms and cancer risk: a meta analysis

Objective The association between polymorphism of TGF-β1 and cancer risk has been discussed. Method A comprehensive electronic search was performed to identify articles published up until 12 December 2014 in Medline and Embase databases. The statistical analysis was performed by STATA 11.0 software and Review Manager 5.1 software.

In the present meta analysis, for C-509T (31 studies, 12944 cases and 15530 controls), no significant cancer risk was found in the overall analysis. In subgroup analysis, C-509T polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer risk in Asian population (OR=0.73 and 95% CI=0.59-0.90 for CT vs. CC), and there were no significant risks in gastric cancer, breast cancer, and other cancers. For T869C (11 studies, 2730 cases and 2973 controls), significantly increased risks of cancer were observed, and the ORs (95% CI) were 1.81 (1.18-2.78) for CC vs. TT, 1.50 (1.07-2.09) for TC vs. TT, 1.61 (1.13-2.30) for TC+CC vs. TT and 1.38 (1.11-1.73) for C-allele vs. T-allele, respectively. Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity and types of cancer were also performed, and the results indicated that T869C polymorphism was associated with cancer risk in Caucasion [1.93 (1.52-2.46) for TC vs. TT], but not in Asian [1.23 (0.80-1.90) for TC vs. TT]. We also observed that the T869C was associated with increased risk of squamous cell cancer of head and neck (SCCHN) [1.34 (1.07-1.67) for TC vs. TT]. Conclusion Decreased cancer risk association was observed in Asian for C-509T and significantly increased risk of cancer was observed for T869C.