Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Precision Medicine Tool for Measurement and Monitoring of Hemoglobin S in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy
07:24

A Precision Medicine Tool for Measurement and Monitoring of Hemoglobin S in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy

2.0K

Posterior Circulation Evaluation in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia

Samuel Ademola Adegoke1, Maria Stella Figueiredo2, Perla Vicari2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Hematology, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|January 18, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography revealed elevated posterior circulation blood flow velocities in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients, despite a low incidence of stenosis. Further research is needed to understand the stroke risk associated with these high velocities.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Pediatric Hematology

Background:

  • Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is established for identifying stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA).
  • Previous major studies on TCD in SCA populations did not include posterior circulation data.
  • Understanding posterior circulation hemodynamics is crucial for a comprehensive stroke risk assessment in SCA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize blood flow velocity patterns in the posterior circulation of adult SCA patients.
  • To investigate the correlation between posterior circulation velocities and magnetic resonance imaging/angiography findings.
  • To assess the prevalence of posterior circulation abnormalities in SCA.

Main Methods:

  • Adult SCA patients underwent Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Angiography (MRI/MRA).
  • Time-averaged maximum mean (TAMM) velocity was recorded for the middle cerebral or internal carotid arteries.
  • Maximum mean flow velocities in the posterior circulation (TAMMpost) were measured in the basilar, vertebral, and posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs).

Main Results:

  • Mean TAMMpost velocities were significantly higher in SCA patients compared to healthy controls (P < .01).
  • A positive correlation was observed between TAMMpost in posterior circulation arteries and TAMM in SCA patients.
  • Stenosis in the posterior circulation was identified in only one SCA patient (right PCA).

Conclusions:

  • SCA patients exhibit high blood flow velocities in the posterior circulation with a low frequency of stenosis.
  • The clinical significance of elevated posterior circulation TCD velocities regarding stroke risk in SCA warrants further investigation.
  • This study highlights the need for routine posterior circulation assessment in SCA patients using TCD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Sickle cell anemiaintracranial stenosesmagnetic resonance imagingposterior circulationstroketranscranial Doppler

More Related Videos

Characterization of Sickling During Controlled Automated Deoxygenation with Oxygen Gradient Ektacytometry08:23

Characterization of Sickling During Controlled Automated Deoxygenation with Oxygen Gradient Ektacytometry

Published on: November 5, 2019

10.5K
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury09:19

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: May 7, 2015

14.6K

Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
651
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above...
1.5K
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
561
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection01:29

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection

Inspection is the initial step in assessing the cardiovascular system. It involves a detailed visual examination that provides crucial information about a patient's circulatory and cardiac health. This systematic process, conducted from head to toe, helps identify signs of cardiovascular conditions by observing physical appearance, skin and mucous membranes, jugular and carotid pulsations, chest symmetry, and the condition of the extremities.
Head and Neck
1.1K
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation

In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
1.2K
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
594