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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

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Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
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Epilepsy and art: Windows into complexity and comorbidities.

Steven C Schachter1

  • 1Consortia for Improving Medicine with Innovation & Technology, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|January 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Art from individuals with epilepsy offers insights into living with the condition, including seizures and comorbidities. This creative expression aids understanding and reduces stigma for epilepsy patients.

Keywords:
AnxietyArtDepressionEpilepsyQuality of lifeSeizure

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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Art Therapy

Background:

  • Epilepsy impacts millions globally, presenting complex neurological and psychological challenges.
  • Understanding the lived experience of epilepsy is crucial for effective patient care and public perception.
  • Art offers a unique, non-verbal medium for individuals to express intricate experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the subjective experiences of living with epilepsy through the artwork of affected individuals.
  • To highlight ictal, postictal, psychiatric, and social aspects of epilepsy as depicted in art.
  • To foster greater understanding and reduce stigma surrounding epilepsy among healthcare professionals and the public.

Main Methods:

  • Collection and thematic analysis of artwork from an international group of artists with epilepsy.
  • Focus on visual representations of seizure-related phenomena (ictal/postictal) and associated comorbidities.
  • Qualitative interpretation of artistic expressions to understand lived experiences.

Main Results:

  • Artwork provides profound insights into the sensory, emotional, and social dimensions of epilepsy.
  • Visual narratives reveal coping mechanisms, challenges, and the impact of epilepsy on daily life.
  • Art effectively communicates the subjective reality of epilepsy, transcending verbal limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Art created by individuals with epilepsy serves as a valuable tool for enhancing clinical and scientific understanding.
  • Visual expressions can bridge the gap between lived experience and medical perception, reducing stigma.
  • Further research into the neurological underpinnings of these artistic expressions is warranted.