Global gene expression analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rhesus monkey infants with CA16
Jie Song1, Yajie Hu1, Yunguang Hu1
1Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
Abstract:
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is a dominant pathogen that results in hand, foot, and mouth disease and causes outbreaks worldwide, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study has demonstrated that the basic CA16 pathogenic process was successfully mimicked in rhesus monkey infant. The present study focused on the global gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rhesus monkey infants with hand, foot, and mouth disease induced by CA16 infection at different time points. Genome-wide expression analysis was performed with Agilent whole-genome microarrays and established bioinformatics tools. Nine hundred and forty-eight significant differentially expressed genes that were associated with 5 gene ontology categories, including cell communication, cell cycle, immune system process, regulation of transcription and metabolic process were identified. Subsequently, the mapping of genes related to the immune system process by PANTHER pathway analysis revealed the predominance of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways and the interleukin signaling pathway. Ultimately, co-expressed genes and their networks were analyzed. The results revealed the gene expression profile of the immune system in response to CA16 in rhesus monkey infants and suggested that such an immune response was generated as a result of the positive mobilization of the immune system. This initial microarray study will provide insights into the molecular mechanism of CA16 infection and will facilitate the identification of biomarkers for the evaluation of vaccines against this virus.
Insights
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) infection causes hand, foot, and mouth disease. This study identified 948 differentially expressed genes in rhesus monkeys, revealing immune system mobilization and inflammation pathways.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Genomics
Background:
- Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease outbreaks globally, especially in the Asia-Pacific region.
- The molecular mechanisms of CA16 pathogenesis are not fully understood.
- Previous research established a rhesus monkey infant model for CA16 infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate global gene expression changes in rhesus monkey infants following CA16 infection.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying CA16-induced hand, foot, and mouth disease.
- To identify potential biomarkers for vaccine development against CA16.
Main Methods:
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from infected rhesus monkey infants were analyzed.
- Genome-wide expression profiling was conducted using Agilent whole-genome microarrays.
- Bioinformatics tools, including PANTHER pathway analysis, were employed for data interpretation.
Main Results:
- 948 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified across five Gene Ontology categories.
- Immune system-related genes predominantly involved chemokine, cytokine, and interleukin signaling pathways.
- Analysis revealed co-expressed genes and networks, indicating a mobilized immune response.
Conclusions:
- The study presents the gene expression profile of the immune system in response to CA16 infection in a rhesus monkey model.
- Findings suggest a positive immune system mobilization during CA16 infection.
- This research provides insights into CA16 molecular mechanisms and aids in identifying potential vaccine biomarkers.
