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Non-polio Enteroviruses in Karnataka, India: Virological surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis cases (July

H Hanumaiah, C G Raut1, D P Sinha

  • 1National Institute of Virology, Bengaluru Unit, Bengaluru - 560 029, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
|January 19, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Non-Polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs) were detected in over 21% of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Karnataka, India. NPEV infections showed seasonal patterns, peaking in summer, and were more common in females and younger children.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The National Institute of Virology, Bangalore Unit, has been integral to the WHO's Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance program since 1997.
  • This surveillance aims to isolate and detect polioviruses from pediatric cases, but also identifies Non-Polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive epidemiological overview of Non-Polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs) in Karnataka, India.
  • To analyze NPEV data collected over a 16-year and 6-month period (July 1997-2013) from AFP surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized virus isolation on cell culture for NPEV detection, adhering to WHO-recommended protocols.
  • Processed 19,410 clinical samples as part of the Global Polio Eradication Programme's AFP surveillance in India.

Main Results:

  • A total of 4,152 NPEV isolates were obtained from the analyzed samples.
  • The overall NPEV isolation rate was 21.39%, with annual variations observed throughout the study period.

Conclusions:

  • NPEV epidemiology in Karnataka exhibits distinct seasonal transmission, with peak incidence from April to October, particularly in June-July.
  • NPEV isolation rates were higher in females (male to female ratio 1:1.2) and decreased significantly with increasing age.
Abstract

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