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Cultivate Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells from Children and Reprogram into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Does epigenetics play a role in human asthma?

Donata Vercelli1

  • 1Arizona Respiratory Center, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Diseases (ABCD), University of Arizona, The BIO5 Institute, Rm. 339, 1657 E. Helen Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic factors are crucial in childhood asthma development and progression. This review highlights genome-wide studies exploring these epigenetic mechanisms in pediatric allergic diseases.

Keywords:
AllergyBirth cohortChildhood asthmaDNA methylationEpigenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Chronic Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood asthma and allergic diseases are major global health concerns.
  • These conditions represent a significant economic burden, exceeding that of other serious diseases.
  • The precise pathogenesis and natural history of childhood asthma remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the role of epigenetic processes in asthma pathogenesis.
  • To focus on findings from genome-wide, population-based studies.
  • To elucidate the contribution of epigenetics to childhood allergic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature.
  • Focus on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS).
  • Analysis of population-based cohorts investigating asthma and allergic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNAs) are implicated in asthma development.
  • Genome-wide studies reveal specific epigenetic loci associated with asthma risk and severity.
  • Environmental exposures interact with epigenetic pathways to influence asthma susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to the pathogenesis of childhood asthma.
  • Understanding these epigenetic alterations is key to developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Further population-based, genome-wide research is essential to fully unravel the epigenetic landscape of pediatric allergic diseases.