Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

5.1K
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
5.1K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI

515
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
515
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

10.3K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
10.3K
Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

5.1K
The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
5.1K
Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves01:05

Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves

1.9K
The intensity of sound waves can be related to displacement and pressure amplitudes by using their wave expressions and the definition of intensity. The critical step to achieve this is to write the power delivered by the particles on the wave as the product of force and velocity and simplify the force per unit area as the pressure. The velocity of the medium's particles can be derived from the displacement.
Unlike the time average of a sinusoidal term, which is zero since it is positive...
1.9K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

1.3K
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sequential comparison of frequency modulations is more difficult for children and adolescents with ADHD.

Hearing research·2026
Same author

Asymmetries and hemispheric interaction in the auditory system of elderly people.

Frontiers in neuroimaging·2024
Same author

Editorial: Hemispheric asymmetries in the auditory domain, volume II.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2023
Same author

Effect of age on lateralized auditory processing.

Hearing research·2023
Same author

Dorsal posterior cingulate cortex responds to negative feedback information supporting learning and relearning of response policies.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2022
Same author

Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Novel Sounds on Task Performance in Children With and Without ADHD.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2022
Same journal

TGF-β signaling regulates flat epithelium formation in severely injured adult mouse utricle through epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Membrane scaffolding in auditory hair cells - a molecular tightrope walk enables lateral wall stiffness and flexibility.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Speech-in-noise recognition during hearing protector use: Human performance and acoustic prediction.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Estimation of hair cell loss from audiograms.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Cochlear size variation in a large-scale international multicentre cohort.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Estimation of minor-to-moderate conductive hearing loss with distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in humans.

Hearing research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

18.8K

Auditory intensity processing: Effect of MRI background noise.

Nicole Angenstein1, Jörg Stadler1, André Brechmann1

  • 1Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.

Hearing Research
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated auditory intensity discrimination using fMRI. Results show left auditory cortex involvement regardless of scanner noise levels, challenging explanations based solely on background noise.

Keywords:
Background noiseCategorizationFunctional magnetic resonance imagingHemispheric specializationHuman auditory perception

More Related Videos

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI
10:50

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Published on: February 19, 2014

12.1K
Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:59

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: October 13, 2019

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

18.8K
Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI
10:50

Functional Imaging of Auditory Cortex in Adult Cats using High-field fMRI

Published on: February 19, 2014

12.1K
Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:59

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: October 13, 2019

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Auditory intensity discrimination lateralization shows conflicting results.
  • fMRI studies with loud scanner noise suggest left-lateralized processing, contrasting with moderate background studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare task-dependent lateralization of auditory intensity processing.
  • Investigate the influence of different fMRI sequences (EPI vs. FLASH) and background noise levels on lateralization.

Main Methods:

  • Used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with echo planar imaging (EPI) and fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequences.
  • Employed the contralateral noise procedure with linearly frequency modulated (FM) tones presented monaurally.
  • Assessed auditory intensity categorization with and without contralateral noise.

Main Results:

  • Left auditory cortex showed stronger involvement than the right during intensity categorization for both EPI and FLASH sequences.
  • Contralateral noise significantly affected left auditory cortex activity, indicating left lateralization.
  • Leftward lateralization persisted even with reduced background scanner noise.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory intensity processing is significantly left-lateralized in the auditory cortex.
  • The observed leftward lateralization is not solely explained by MRI background noise levels.
  • Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of auditory intensity discrimination lateralization.