Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

8.9K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
8.9K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

10.4K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
10.4K
Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

2.3K
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
Exploration...
2.3K
Vision01:24

Vision

61.4K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
61.4K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

4.1K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
4.1K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

875
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
875

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of Competition on Left Prefrontal and Temporal Cortex During Conceptual Comparison of Brand-Name Product Pictures: Analysis of fNIRS Using Tensor Decomposition.

Brain sciences·2025
Same author

New Framework for Understanding Cross-Brain Coherence in Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Hyperscanning Studies.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2023
Same author

Exploring the feasibility of tensor decomposition for analysis of fNIRS signals: a comparative study with grand averaging method.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2023
Same author

When I move, you move: Associations between automatic and person-coded measures of infant-mother synchrony during free-play using virtual in-home data collection.

Infant behavior & development·2023
Same author

Cortical Activation to Social and Mechanical Stimuli in the Infant Brain.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2021
Same author

Tensor Decomposition of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Signals for Pattern Discovery of Cognitive Response in Infants.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2020
Same journal

Treadmill exercise rescues motor deficits in parkinsonian mice by modulating striatal D2-MSN activity: evidence from calcium imaging and chemogenetics.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Transfer learning for EEG-based BCIs: a comparative evaluation and optimization of data alignment methods.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The volatile anesthetic isoflurane causes global suppression of neuronal activity, disrupting hub neuron function in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Associative emotional memory encoding: insights from network stability analysis of an fMRI-driven bilinear dynamics.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The neurobiological basis of the awe experience in affective disorders: an exploratory EEG study.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Exploring the spiking neural autoencoder: from hyperexcitability to noise-driven compensation.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.8K

Functional Activation in the Ventral Object Processing Pathway during the First Year.

Teresa Wilcox1, Marisa Biondi1

  • 1Infant Cognition Lab, Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infant visual working memory shows significant neural changes in the first year. Researchers used fNIRS to observe brain activity in infants viewing object occlusion, revealing developmental shifts in posterior temporal cortex activation.

Keywords:
cortical developmentinfantsobject processingobject processing pathwayventral temporal cortex

More Related Videos

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

46.7K
Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.8K
Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

46.7K
Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental neuroscience
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Infant visual perception

Background:

  • Infant visual working memory capacity develops significantly within the first year.
  • Understanding the neural basis of object representation in infants is crucial.
  • Previous research points to temporal and occipital cortex involvement in infant object tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural activation patterns in infants' posterior temporal and occipital cortex during visual object processing.
  • To examine how these patterns change during the first year of life.
  • To explore the relationship between brain activity and the development of visual working memory.

Main Methods:

  • Used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain activity in infants aged 3-13 months.
  • Presented infants with visual occlusion events involving single or multiple featurally distinct objects.
  • Analyzed changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) levels in specific cortical regions.

Main Results:

  • Posterior temporal cortex showed activation in younger infants (3-6 months) to all events.
  • This posterior temporal response diminished in older infants (7-13 months), becoming negligible by 10-13 months.
  • Occipital cortex exhibited robust activation across all tested age groups, irrespective of event type.

Conclusions:

  • Observed changes in posterior temporal cortex activation may reflect the pruning of the visual object-processing network during infancy.
  • Occipital cortex activation suggests a sustained role in visual processing throughout the first year.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neural maturation underlying infants' ability to track multiple objects.