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Related Concept Videos

Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

Regulation of Heart Rates

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The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
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The Parasympathetic Nervous System01:14

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Overview
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Conduction System of the Heart01:19

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Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
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Conduction System of the Heart01:20

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The cardiac conduction system produces and transmits electrical impulses that prompt myocardial contraction, ensuring efficient heart function. This intricate system ensures that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner, beginning with the atria and then the ventricles. The conduction system optimizes cardiac output by maintaining this precise sequence, which is crucial for adequate blood circulation.
This system relies on the unique properties of nodal and Purkinje cells:...
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Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Children
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Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Children

Published on: April 29, 2013

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The nervous heart.

Crystal M Ripplinger1, Sami F Noujaim2, Dominik Linz3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction often causes cardiac arrhythmias. This review explores how the cardiac nervous system influences heart rhythm and how modulating the autonomic nervous system may treat atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationAutonomic controlCardiac nervesVentricular tachycardia/fibrillation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Autonomic Nervous System

Background:

  • Cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities are frequently linked to autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction.
  • The ANS plays a critical role in regulating normal cardiac excitability and can contribute to abnormal heart rhythms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which the cardiac nervous system controls normal and abnormal cardiac excitability.
  • To explore the role of the cardiac nervous system in atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
  • To examine the antiarrhythmic and/or arrhythmogenic effects of ANS modulation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mechanisms of cardiac nervous system control.
  • Analysis of the contribution of the cardiac nervous system to tachyarrhythmias.
  • Exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting the autonomic nervous system.

Main Results:

  • The cardiac nervous system significantly influences cardiac excitability.
  • Autonomic dysfunction can promote atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
  • Modulation of the ANS shows potential for treating cardiac arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cardiac nervous system control is crucial for managing arrhythmias.
  • Autonomic nervous system modulation offers promising therapeutic avenues for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
  • Strategies like ganglionated plexi ablation and nerve stimulation warrant further investigation for arrhythmia management.